"Beautiful and complex, all the gas in the Cat’s Eye Nebula amounts to only 1% of the Sun’s mass. It includes rare ionized nitrogen and double-ionized oxygen (atoms stripped of two electrons). One mystery is why this young planetary nebula is swirling so swiftly."
Eleven concentric rings of gas suggest solar outbursts every 1,500 years. Why? Perhaps a binary star in orbit? Stellar winds acting like ocean waves? Pulses as the dead star contracts and expands? Magnetic field anomalies (sunspots)? It’s another Cat’s Eye mystery.
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Gas Jets
At both corners of the Cat’s Eye, jets of gas pierce through all 11 onion rings and beyond. They shoot out from each pole of the star in opposite directions, a pattern called bipolar outflow. Like water from a wobbly garden hose, the jets swirl above and below the star.
Onion Rings
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X-ray Vision
Viewing nebulae across the electromagnetic spectrum unveils new details. An X-ray of Cat’s Eye clearly shows intricate bubbles of gas swirling all around the dead star. These blue clouds indicate very high energy. Low-energy emissions are usually colored red.
Cat's Eye Nebula Rank 3
Blue-Green Smudge
In 1786, astronomer William Herschel was the first to lay human eyes on the Cat’s Eye. The blue-green smudge looked like his new discovery, Uranus, so he called it a planetary nebula. In 1864, a spectroscopic image revealed the cloud’s true nature as ionized gas.
Cat's Eye Nebula Rank 6
Trivia[]
A true-color image of the Cat's Eye Nebula
An X-ray image of the Cat's Eye Nebula
Cat's Eye Nebula (also known as NGC 6543 and Caldwell 6) is a planetary nebula in the northern constellation of Draco.