Generators

Generators are major nodes that generate currency, such as Entropy Entropy, Ideas Ideas, Fossil Fossil or Stardust Stardust. They have different variants, each one separated into different trees.

Cost and Production

Generators cost a certain amount of currency, each costs 15% more than the previous one of the same kind. This roughly quadruples the cost every 10 levels. The more powerful and efficient the generators are, the more those generators will cost.

The cost of purchasing N generators can be determined by the formula:

${C = \frac{P(1.15^N - 1)}{0.15}}$

where C = cost, N = number of generators, and P = current price of generator. This works for almost all generators, but there are exceptions. For example the L.U.C.A generator in the Life After Apocalypse event.

Below is the list of in-game generators with some of their details. Note that their production per second in the list is calculated without any boosts applied:

Primary Simulation

Life

Icon	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency	Garden		Branch
	Amino Acid	Atoms and molecules bond together to create amino acids, organic compounds that combine to build proteins. They are some of the most essential building blocks for life.	Entropy 20	Entropy 0.1/sec	4	x13.5		Primordial Soup	Main
	DNA	A molecule with the unique property of self-replication, DNA's infinite configurations form the foundation of all evolutionary changes. It contains the genetic instructions for all life on Earth.	Entropy 75	Entropy 0.25/sec	5	x24		Primordial Soup	Main
	Prokaryotic Cell	The first living organism. These tiny uni-cellular organisms lacked a membrane-wrapped nucleus, but paved the way for the rest of life to begin.	Entropy 300	Entropy 1/sec	5	x36		Primordial Soup	Main
	Eukaryotic Cell	The prokaryotic cell's more complex cousin, eukaryotic cells have a nucleus to store genetic information. Fungi, plants, animals, and protozoa are all built of eukaryotic cells.	Entropy 1,000	Entropy 5/sec	5	x76.5		Primordial Soup	Main
	Sponge	The world's first multi-cellular organism, sponges are stationary filter feeders. They are a product of multiple eukaryotic cells coming together.	Entropy 10,000	Entropy 40/sec	4	x12		Ocean	Main
	Jellyfish	Jellyfish are softbodied, free-swimming aquatic animals with a gelatinous, umbrella-shaped body and long floating tentacles. They can propel themselves through water by pulsing their body.	Entropy 40,000	Entropy 100/sec	12	x1.43623		Ocean	Main
	Flatworm	The flatworm is the first organism with bilateral symmetry, which enables the beginnings of the brain and internal organs. These simple creatures set the stage for vertebrates to come.	Entropy 200,000	Entropy 400/sec	7	x35.1		Ocean	Main
	Fish	With fins to maneuver the ancient seas, fish evolved from the less agile invertebrates and rapidly diversified to take control of the oceans.	Entropy 1.95e6	Entropy 6,666/sec	16	x1.88508e9		Ocean	Main
	Tetrapod	The original colonizers, tetrapods were the first water dwellers to develop legs and amphibious breathing and to crawl onto dry land.	Entropy 1.59e7	Entropy 108,765/sec	27	x1.99022e10		Land	Main
	Mammal	The first vertebrates with warm blood, mammals nurse their young with milk from mammary glands, have skin covered in fur or hair, and have larger brains that possess a neocortex.	Entropy 3.58e8	Entropy 1.1e6/sec	30	x1.18127e20		Land	Main
	Turtle	Originally emerging during the middle Jurassic period, turtles are one of the oldest of groups of living reptiles. They are known for their distinctive shells.	Entropy 2.70e9	Entropy 1.85e6/sec	9	x14,61		Land	Reptiles
	Ape	An advancement in primate evolution, the apes of the Hominidae family are ancestors of the modern human's earliest ancestors. Divergent branches of evolution created both humans and the modern great apes.	Entropy 1.12e10	Entropy 7.5e6/sec	15	x1.13744e10		Land	Main
	Glires	A clade comprising of both lagomorphs (rabbits and hares) and rodents, the glires are small mammals with distinctive teeth that grow continuously throughout their lifetime. Most are herbivores or insectivores, are small and furry, and have tails.	Entropy 9.1e10	Entropy 5.45e7/sec	10	x1.47404e26		Land	Mammals
	Human	Humans are Earth's dominant species. The product of millions of years of evolution, humans were the first animals to create advanced cultures, societies, and technologies.	Entropy 8.87e12	Entropy 2.15e8/sec	7	x225		Land	Main
	Ungulates	Ungulates can be split into two groups: terrestrial ungulates, which share the common trait of hooves, and cetaceans, which have flippers and live in water. They are mostly grazing herbivores.	Entropy 4.42e13	Entropy 7.09e9/sec	23	x1.14816e8		Land	Mammals
	Crocodilia	First appearing in the late Cretaceous period, crocodilians are large, predatory, semi-aquatic reptiles. Along with birds, they are the last descendants of the Archosaurs.	Entropy 8.05e12	Entropy 1.82e9/sec	7	x1,608.75		Land	Reptiles
	Cyborg	Cybernetic organisms are biological beings with mechanical parts. These can range from medical implants and accessories to computer systems fully integrated with the brain and body.	Entropy 1.47e15	Entropy 6.35e11/sec	4	x2.37187	-	-	Posthuman
	Fungi	Fungi are small eukaryotic organisms that often live in soil or on decaying matter. There are nearly 145,000 known species of fungi, and scientists suspect there may be up to 5 million total.	Entropy 9e15	Entropy 5e10/sec	3	x7,161		Land	Fungi
	Marsupials	Marsupials are mammals that give birth to live young at an early stage of development. The young stay for a time in a pouch on the mother's abdomen, where they remain until they have grown enough to become independent. Kangaroos are marsupials.	Entropy 9.5e15	Entropy 5.78e12/sec	5	x11,414		Land	Mammals
	Lizard	A mainly carnivorous group of reptiles, Lizards include over 6,000 distinct species and are located on every continent except Antarctica.	Entropy 8.32e16	Entropy 2.69e14/sec	11	x21,495		Land	Reptiles
	Superhuman	Advances in medicine, gene editing, biotech, and numerous other fields have led to the creation of a whole new class of superhumans with significantly advanced lifespans and abilities.	Entropy 7.67e17	Entropy 8.25e14/sec	3	x3.375	-	-	Posthuman
	Snake	Long, skinny, and limbless, snakes are a family of carnivorous reptiles. They range in size from only a few centimeters to almost seven metres in length.	Entropy 6.66e18	Entropy 6.66e15/sec	7	x157,993		Land	Reptiles
	Galliformes	A group of toothless, ground-dwelling birds. Along with Anseriformes, Galliformes are one of only two types of modern birds to date back to (and have survived) the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event.	Entropy 4.45e19	Entropy 3.81e16/sec	7	x14,700		Land	Birds
	Anseriformes	Anseriformes are a group of birds uniquely adapted for an aquatic environment. Along with Galliformes, Anseriformes are one of only two types of birds to date back to (and survived) the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event.	Entropy 9.20e20	Entropy 4.24e18/sec	5	x3,898		Land	Birds
	Humanoid Colonist	After many generations adapting to local conditions on far-flung exoplanets, the descendants of colonists from Earth may bear only a distant resemblance to their human forebears.	Entropy 1.32e20	Entropy 8.25e16/sec	5	x7.59375	-	-	Posthuman
	Caniform	The caniform family include dogs, bears, seals, and more. They are opportunistic feeders and are frequently omnivores, unlike feliforms, which are pure carnivores.	Entropy 7.89e21	Entropy 1.23e19/sec	20	x2.89361e9		Land	Mammals
	Palaeognathae	A group of mostly-flightless birds. They are notable for their pseudo-reptilian palate, proportionately small brains, and for the tendency for male birds to incubate their species' eggs.	Entropy 2.54e22	Entropy 6.12e19/sec	6	x4,40		Land	Birds
	Neoaves	Almost 95% of all known species of birds belong to the Neoave clade. They are extremely diverse, and appeared shortly after the extinction of the dinosaurs.	Entropy 6.67e23	Entropy 2.75e21/sec	20	x2.80806e7		Land	Birds
	Cetaceans	Cetaceans are aquatic mammals that are descended from the same ancestors as ungulates. While some ungulates moved further inland, the cetaceans inhabited the shoreline and later moved into a fully aquatic niche.	Entropy 7.2e24	Entropy 8.41e22/sec	9	x1.39392e7		Ocean	Mammals
	Monotremes	Monotremes are a rare group of mammals that give birth to eggs but nurse their young with milk. The only types of monotremes that currently exist are the platypus and various species of echidna.	Entropy 4e26	Entropy 5.92e23/sec	4	x3,640		Land	Mammals
	Feliform	The feliforms are the cat family. They have shorter snouts than the caniforms and fewer teeth. They are generally ambush hunters, with retractible claws, and live on almost all continents.	Entropy 4.76e29	Entropy 7.89e26/sec	9	x3.73679e6		Land	Mammals

Civilization

ℹ️️

This article is a work in progress.

TODO: A lot of the costs and production amounts are outdated.
Some information might be incomplete or irrelevant, but you can help Cell to Singularity Wiki by expanding it.

Icon	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency	Garden		Branch
	Stone Age	The first modern humans walk the Earth, and change the world around them—creating tools, raising animals, building communities. Is there anything that can stop human progress?	Ideas 46.00	Ideas 0.1/sec	25	x8.36192e28		Ancient	Civilization
	Neolithic	In the time before the invention of metallurgy, humans move from hunting and gathering to farming, and the first villages begin to form.	Ideas 690	Ideas 0.25/sec	28	x4.44458e29		Ancient
	Bronze Age	Following the Neolithic Age, the Bronze Age is marked by the invention of (what else?) smelted bronze, a blend of copper and tin. During this period, some civilizations develop writing systems, centralized governments, organized warfare, medicine, and religion.	Ideas 2,070	Ideas 2/sec	21	x5.11365e29		Ancient
	Iron Age	The ability to create tools and weapons made of iron—an abundant ore that's easily smelted—makes bronze obsolete. Elaborate craftsmanship, proto-urban societies, and nominally fortified cities begin to emerge.	Ideas 10,400	Ideas 5/sec	23	x1.89372e30		Ancient
	Middle Ages	In Europe, the Middle Ages span from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the fall of Constantinople 10 centuries later. It's a period of mass migration, population decline, and political instability. But, what's happening elsewhere?	Ideas 34,500	Ideas 20/sec	18	x3.8604e30		Ancient
	Age of Exploration	Pushing the boundaries of land and sea, explorers open the globe to trade, colonialism, and an unprecedented exchange of knowledge and culture. Fighting the spread of disease remains a challenge.	Ideas 207,000	Ideas 50/sec	19	x1.22219e31		Ancient
	Scientific Revolution	As the European Renaissance came to a close, new ideas about math, biology, chemistry, physics, and astronomy changed the way we thought about the world. With the emergence of modern science, human's intellectual progress as a species gets a sudden boost of speed.	Ideas 863,000	Ideas 395.5/sec	9	x14.30511		Ancient
	Industrial Revolution	The scientific processes we began to understand during the Scientific Revolution give way to unbelievable progress - now, machines work for us in massive factories, while steam power propels us across the globe.	Ideas 5.75e6	Ideas 2,395/sec	18	x27.28549		Modern
	Atomic Age	Humans have split the atom, and unleashed a new kind of power on the world. Not the last age - so long you're careful.	Ideas 4.26e8	Ideas 177,500/sec	12	x12.6736		Modern
	Information Age	The age you're in right now! Also known as the Computer Age or the Digital Age.	Ideas 1.38e10	Ideas 5.75e6/sec	18	x187.19298		Modern
	Emergent Age	A new era in the history of mankind, the Emergent Age is a time where new advances in technology lead us to question what it means to be human, and the boundaries between people and technology.	Ideas 2.58e11	Ideas 1.08e8/sec	14	x32.71436		Modern
	Singularity	Technological growth has become uncontrollable and irreversible, resulting in unforeseeable changes to human civilization.	Ideas 1.47e13	Ideas 1.53e9/sec	2	x3		-	-
	Android	Inhabiting the deepest reaches of the Uncanny Valley, humanoid robots are designed to mimic a human appearance.	Ideas 1.01e17	Ideas 8.50e10/sec	0	x1		-
	Sentient Android	One day we may have fully conscious, self-aware artificial intelligences housed inside simulated human bodies—perhaps indistinguishable from their organic counterparts.	Ideas 1.32e18	Ideas 5.79e17/sec	5	x3.05175		-
	Rover	Human-made machines are the first explorers on the surface of Mars.	Ideas 1.23e13	Ideas 9.45e7/sec	7	x55.125		Mars	Mars
	Human Expedition	For the first time, humans travel to another planet. We are now officially an interplanetary species.	Ideas 9.84e17	Ideas 5.18e12/sec	8	x10.00925		Mars
	Martian Settlement	We are no longer just explorers-now we are colonists.	Ideas 1.05e22	Ideas 2.16e22/sec?	7	x57.42187		Mars
	Martian Factory	The human settlements on Mars begin to become self-sufficient. Now that we can reap the benefits of Mars' natural resources, we start to create the new Martian economy.	Ideas 4.76e24	Ideas 9.71e24/sec?	9	x202.14843		Mars
	Martian City	The colonists of Mars work, and play, and live in the world that they have created. This once-hostile planet is now home.	Ideas 4.40e27	Ideas 1.29e23/sec	10	x8.80558		Mars

Mesozoic Valley

Icon	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Base Charge Time	Types
	Archosaur	This clade includes the ancestors of dinosaurs, birds, and crocodiles. A clade represents a single family branch on the tree of life.	Fossil 3.74	Fossil 1	0.6 s
	Ornithischia	Ornithischia are one of two different orders of dinosaurs. These herbivores with beak-like structures are often called "bird-hipped" dinosaurs, as their pelvic structure resembles that of modern day birds. Parasaurolophus is one of the Ornithiscian dinosaurs.	Fossil 60	Fossil 60	3 s
	Stegosaurus	Stegosaurus was a quadrupedal plant-eating dinosaur known for the distinctive rows of large upright plates on their back.	Fossil 720	Fossil 720	6 s
	Ankylosaurus	Ankylosaur was a bulky, armored herbivore from the late Cretaceous period with a large clubbed tail that could shatter predator's bones.	Fossil 8,640	Fossil 4,320	12 s
	Triceratops	An herbivore from the late Cretaceous period, the Triceratops had three defensive horns on its face and a large bony frill behind its head.	Fossil 103,680	Fossil 51,840	24 s
	Pterosaur	Pterosaurs were the earliest vertebrates to evolve flight. They had leathery wings and came in a wide variety of sizes.	Fossil 1.24e6	Fossil 207,360	18 s
	Plesiosaur	Plesiosaurs were large aquatic animals with a broad, flat body, a long neck and tail, and four strong flippers. They were one of the first fossilized reptiles identified by humans, and were discovered in the early 1800s.	Fossil 1.49e7	Fossil 2.20e6	36 s
	Saurischia	Saurischia are one of two different orders of dinosaur. They are mostly carnivorous, though the class includes some herbivores. They are often called "lizard-hipped" dinosaurs. The Ceratosaurus is one of the Saurischian dinosaurs.	Fossil 1.79e8	Fossil 5.16e6	14 s
	Sauropoda	Enormous herbivores with long necks and tails and small heads, Sauropods evolved their distinctive necks as a way to obtain hard-to-reach food sources, such as the foliage at the tops of trees. The Apatosaurus is one of the Sauropodan dinosaurs.	Fossil 2.15e9	Fossil 2.36e8	120 s (2:00)
	Theropoda	The Theropoda family were bipedal carnivores with hollow bones and three-toed limbs. The Dilophosaurus was one of the Theropod dinosaurs.	Fossil 2.58e10	Fossil 1.68e8	16 s
	Compsognathus	A small, bipedal carnivore, Compsognathus could grow to around the size of a turkey and preyed on small, fast lizards.	Fossil 3.10e11	Fossil 2.24e8	4 s
	Velociraptor	A small, feathered carnivore with extremely sharp claws and teeth, Velociraptors were skilled hunters that stalked and disemboweled their prey.	Fossil 3.72e12	Fossil 6.71e9	20 s
	Pachycephalosaurus	This herbivorous dinosaur had a thick domed skull, which was used to headbutt predators—and maybe even other Pachycephalosaurus.	Fossil 4.46e13	Fossil 7.16e10	40 s
	Gallimimus	Gallimimus was a large, bird-like herbivore that traveled in herds and built nests.	Fossil 5.35e14	Fossil 7.64e10	8 s
	Archaeopteryx	A transitional species in the evolution from feathered dinosaurs to birds, archeopteryx was small, with sharp teeth and claws and broad wings used for flying.	Fossil 6.42e15	Fossil 1.53e12	30 s
	Brachiosaurus	One of the largest dinosaurs known to man, the Brachiosaur was a large herbivore that lived in the late Jurassic period.	Fossil 7.70e16	Fossil 6.11e13	200 s (3:20)
	Tyrannosaurus Rex	A bipedal carnivore with a huge head, a long heavy tail, and short forearms, the Tyrannosaurus Rex is among the best known and most popular dinosaurs.	Fossil 9.24e17	Fossil 1.63e14	100 s (1:40)
	Spinosaurus	Similar to a modern crocodilian, Spinosaurus bodies were low to the ground, and they may have been semi-aquatic. Their distinctive spines were connected to each other by skin and formed a sail-like structure.	Fossil 1.1e19	Fossil 7.82e14	90 s (1:30)
	Iguanodon	Iguanodon was a large, bulky herbivore that walked upright and had long prehensile fingers for foraging food, as well as distinctive thumb spikes for warding off predators.	Fossil 1.33e20	Fossil 2.23e15	48 s
	Ichthyosaur	Ichthyosaurs were marine reptiles. Similar to modern dolphins, these creatures had large eyes, long snouts, and short necks. They breathed air and gave birth to live young.	Fossil 1.60e21	Fossil 7.41e15	30 s
	Cynodont	Thrinaxodon was a cynodont, or early proto-mammal. Living during the Triassic period, this omnivore was around the size of a fox, laid eggs, lived in burrows, and may have had fur. They represent a stage in evolution before mammals became the dominant lifeforms on Earth.	Fossil 1.92e22	Fossil 2.64e16	20 s
	Eoraptor	Eoraptor is one of the earliest known dinosaurs. It lived approximately 231—228 million years ago, during the late Triassic period. This small, quick omnivore lived alongside archosaurs, proto-mammals, and other early dinosaurs.	Fossil 2.30e23	Fossil 2.81e17	40 s
	Mosasaurus	Mosasaurus was a massive aquatic carnivore. Growing up to 17 meters long, Mosasaurus lived near the ocean's surface and preyed on fish, birds, pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, and any other smaller animal that was unlucky enough to cross its path.	Fossil 2.76e24	Fossil 9.00e18	240 s (4:00)
	Argentinosaurus	Although known only from fragmentary remains, Argentinosaurus is widely acknowledged to be one of the largest land animals ever, measuring up to 39.7 meters long. The farmer who found the first specimen initially thought that the vertebrae were petrified tree trunks.	Fossil 3.3e25	Fossil 6.4e19	320 s (5:20)
	Giganotosaurus	One of the largest known terrestrial carnivores, Giganotosaurus has been estimated to have been 12-13 meters long. There is debate over whether Giganotosaurus may have been larger than Tyrannosaurus Rex, but it was definitely an apex predator.	Fossil 3.97e26	Fossil 5.33e20	500 s (8:20)

Beyond

Rank	Icon	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Base Charge Time	Types
Phase 1: Solar System (November, 2021)
1		Sun	Earth's home star is the center of our solar system, the point around which all celestial objects orbit. It shines its light on each of the eight planets, and its warmth is essential for all life on Earth.	Stardust 10	Stardust 2	5 s			-
1		Mercury	Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system, as well as the closest to the Sun. With its rocky grey surface, thin atmosphere, and small size, Mercury could easily be mistaken for a moon.	Stardust 60	Stardust 64	40 s			-
1		Venus	Venus's scorching, dense, unbreathable atmosphere makes it the hottest planet in the solar system. One of the brightest objekts in Earth's night sky, it can be seen with the naked eye.	Stardust 600	Stardust 659	103 s (1:43)			-
1		Earth	Earth is the only planet in our solar system known to be hospitable to life, making it truly unique. The deep seas and green landmasses teem with living creatures.	Stardust 6,000	Stardust 5,380	168 s (2:48)			-
1		Mars	The fourth planet from the Sun and Earth's nearast neighbor, Mars is often called the Red Planet because of its ruddy color. It stands out brightly in the night sky, inspiring humans to wonder if it might be home to alien life.	Stardust 80,000	Stardust 30,300	316 s (5:16)			-
2		Moon	Our moon orbits the Earth and formed from debris after the young planet collided with another celestial object. It lights up our night sky and controls the ocean's tides.	Stardust 2.4e6	Stardust 15,000	13 s			-
3		Asteroid Belt	The Asteroid Belt is a field of small, rocky bodies floating in the space between Mars and Jupiter. Jupiter's immense gravity prevents these asteroids from coming together to form a planet, keeping them in a scattered orbit.	Stardust 1.44e8	Stardust 6.75e7	586 s (9:46)			-
3		Ceres	Discovered in 1801, Ceres was the first asteroid to be identified by humans. Today, it is the smallest recognized dwarf planet and the largest object in the Asteroid Belt.	Stardust 2.16e9	Stardust 1.07e9	774 s (12:54)			-
3		Vesta	Vesta is the second largest object in the Asteroid Belt. It has an irregular shape, and a rocky surface covered in craters.	Stardust 8.64e10	Stardust 1.18e10	609 s (10:09)			-
4		Jupiter	Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. It is made of hydrogen and helium gas and has no solid surface. Constant storms in Jupiter's atmosphere create stripes and bands of swirling colors.	Stardust 2.59e11	Stardust 9.64e11	1,990 s (33:10)			-
5		Io	Io is a rocky, icy moon with intense geological activity. It has active volcanoes that belch plumes of sulfor, mountains taller than any found on Earth, and lava flows that turn the moon's surface yellow.	Stardust 2.07e12	Stardust 8.71e9	9 s			-
5		Europa	Europa has the smoothest surface of any solid object in the solar system, evidence of a possible liquid ocean under its surface. Combined with its thin oxygen atmosphere, this suggests that there may be microscopic life on Europa.	Stardust 2.07e13	Stardust 6.68e10	23 s			-
5		Ganymede	Ganymede is not only the largest Galilean moon, but also the largest moon in the entire solar system bigger even than the planet Mercury. It ha a thin oxygen atmosphere and its own magnetic field.	Stardust 2.49e14	Stardust 4.64e11	32 s			-
5		Callisto	Callisto, the fourth Galilean moon, has a heavily cratered surface. It is the only one of the Galilean moons not exposed to high levels of radiation, making it a possible candidate for future human settlement.	Stardust 3.73e15	Stardust 4.53e12	78 s (1:18)			-
6		Saturn	Saturn is often called the Jewel of the Solar System because of its unique and beautiful appearance. Composed mostly of gas, Saturn is known for the visually striking rings that encircle the planet.	Stardust 2.99e16	Stardust 6.89e15	4,950 s (1:22:30)			-
6		Titan	Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is also the only moon in the solar system with a dense atmosphere and stable bodies of liquid on its surface. The subterranean ocean beneath its frozen surface may contain microbial life.	Stardust 3.58e17	Stardust 5.16e14	74 s (1:14)			-
6		Enceladus	Enceladus has an icy, highly reflective surface. It is covered in geysers, hinting at hydrothermal activity or even an ocean that could harbor nutrients an organic molecules.	Stardust 5.37e18	Stardust 2.09e14	5 s			-
7		Uranus	Cloudy blue Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. Isolated, cold, and windy, Uranus has a small ring system and many moons. With a mostly liquid surface, it's one of the least dense planets in the solar system.	Stardust 1.61e21	Stardust 2.5e19	1,410 s (23:30)			-
8		Neptune	Neptune is a cold, dark blue planet nearly 30 times as far from the Sun as Earth. Taking 164.8 years to orbit the Sun, Neptune is the only planet in the solar system not visible from Earth without a telescope. It is the farthest planet from the Sun.	Stardust 6.45e23	Stardust 3.2e21	2,770 s (46:10)			-
8		Triton	Triton is the largest moon of Neptune and one of the solar system's few geologically active moons. It may once have been a dwarf planet in the Kuiper Belt before being captured by Neptune's orbit.	Stardust 2.7e25	Stardust 3.1e20	3 s			-
9		Pluto	Once classified as the ninth planet in our solar system, Pluto is a rocky dwarf planet that orbits beyond Neptune. Some scientists theorize that Pluto may have a subsurface ocean.	Stardust 3.3e27	Stardust 5e25	4,160 s (1:09:20)			-
10		Shoemaker-Levy 9	Discovered circling Jupiter in 1993, Shoemaker-Levy 9 was the first comet to be observed orbiting a planet. When it collided with Jupiter in 1994, it became the first comet ever to be observed crashing into a planet's surface.	Stardust 2.72e28	Stardust 1.95e25	34 s			-
10		Halley's Comet	The only comet regularly visible to the naked eye, Halley's Comet travels past Earth once every 75 years. Its appearances have been recorded since 240 BC. It last passed by Earth in 1986, and is scheduled to be seen again in 2061.	Stardust 8.26e30	Stardust 1.1e28	809 s (13:29)			-
10		Hale-Bopp	Comet Hale-Bopp was visible with the naked eye for a record-breaking 18 months in 1996 1997. It was one of the brightest comets ever seen by humans, and the most widely observed comet in the 20th century.	Stardust 1.13e32	Stardust 8.32e29	2,560 s (42:40)			-
11		Kuiper Belt	Out beyond Neptune, the Kuiper Belt is a disk made of gas, dust, asteroids, and other small objects, called planetesimals, floating in space like the Asteroid Belt, but nearly 20 times larger. It is home to most dwarf planets in the solar system.	Stardust 5.06e34	Stardust 1.17e30	14 s			-
11		Haumea	The dwarf planet Haumea was discovered in 2004 and named for the Hawaiian goddess of childbirth. It has an unusual oblong shape and is the only trans-Neptunian object with a ring system.	Stardust 3.48e36	Stardust 3.03e34	3,040 s (50:40)			-
11		Makemake	Makemake is a cold dwarf planet found in the Kuiper Belt. It is the second brightest trans-Neptunian object after Pluto. It has a red surface and one orbiting moon.	Stardust 7.72e38	Stardust 5.63e36	3,290 s (54:50)			-
11		Eris	One of the largest dwarf planets in our solar system and the farthest from the Sun, Eris is named for the Greek goddess of discord and strife. A day on Eris is about the same length as a day on Earth.	Stardust 2.43e40	Stardust 4.64e38	6,010 s (1:40:10)			-
12		Heliosphere	The heliosphere is the region in space that surrounds the Sun. It is continuously inflated by solar wind and protects the solar system from cosmic rays. Its outermost region, the heliopause, is the boundary between our solar system and interstellar space.	Stardust 2.94e43	Stardust 3.33e40	1,420 s (23:40)			-
13		Sedna	An icy red planetoid far beyond the orbit of Neptune, Sedna takes 11,400 years to orbit the Sun. It is named after the Inuit goddess of the Arctic seas.	Stardust 5.67e46	Stardust 3.77e44	2,350 s (39:10)			-
14		Planet X	Scientists observing the outer edge of the solar system have long theorized that there may be a ninth planet past the orbit of Neptune. Its gravitational pull could explain the clustered orbits of many small trans-Neptunian objects.	Stardust 1.07e50	Stardust 3.67e47	2,870 s (47:50)			-
15		Hills Cloud	The Hills Cloud is the inner part of the Oort Cloud. While comets with orbits of less than 200 years come from the Kuiper Belt, comets with longer orbits—ranging from 200 to 2,000 years—originate in the Hills Cloud.	Stardust 1.42e52	Stardust 3.01e48	92 s (1:32)			-
15		Oort Cloud	The Oort Cloud is a field of small icy celestial bodies thought to exist at the far reaches of the solar system. It surrounds the bubble of the heliosphere, and is the bridge between our solar system and interstellar space.	Stardust 2.21e54	Stardust 2.19e51	1,910 s (31:50)			-
17		Alpha Centauri	Alpha Centauri is the closest solar system to our own. 4.37 light years from our Sun, it consists of three stars and at least two exoplanets.	Stardust 5e57	Stardust 3.14e55	6,500 s (1:48:20)			-
Phase 2: Milky Way (July, 2023)
18		Barnard's Star	Just 6 light years from the Sun, Barnard's Star is a red dwarf, small and dim. Yet this ball of hot gas has enough mass to trigger nuclear fusion—hydrogen atoms combining into helium. That puts it in the main sequence, a class of assorted stars that are young and stable.	Stardust 5.61e63	Stardust 1.36e60	131 s (2:11)			-
18		Tau Ceti	About 12 light years from Earth, Tau Ceti is a sunlike star of medium size and mass in the main sequence. Like the Sun, it's a solitary yellow dwarf, and it even has at least four earthlike planets in orbit. About one in 10 Milky Way stars are yellow dwarfs.	Stardust 4e65	Stardust 6.82e63	1,620 s (27:00)			-
18		Sirius	Sirius is a pair of oddball stars. Sirius A is blue-white—the brightest, most massive, and rarest star type in the main sequence. Sirius B was born a blue star but is now a white dwarf, a compact star that spent its hydrogen fuel and left the main sequence long ago.	Stardust 6e67	Stardust 3.71e66	4,330 s (1:12:10)			-
19		Polaris	Like most stars, Polaris spent 90% of its life in the main sequence. It exited that stage when the core's hydrogen ran out. Now, Polaris Aa, the top star in a triple system, is fusing helium atoms in its core. That energy boost swelled the star into a yellow supergiant.	Stardust 2e70	Stardust 1.5e69	2,100 s (35:00)			-
19		Rigel	The life of a mega-mass star is short and dazzling. Rigel A is a blue supergiant ruling over three main sequence stars. It's young, just 8 million years old, and white hot. The star burns so brightly that it blinds Earth's telescopes—even from 860 light years away.	Stardust 6.64e72	Stardust 3.58e71	3,589 s (59:49)			-
19		Arcturus	Arcturus offers a sneak peek into the Sun's future. Once a young yellow dwarf, it's now a geriatric 7.1-billion-year-old red giant. The star's mass hasn't changed much, but its girth is 25 times bigger. The surface is brighter than the sun, but cooler.	Stardust 3.67e74	Stardust 5.19e72	1,767 s (29:27)			-
19		Van Maanen's Star	Van Maanen is a dying white dwarf that's two-thirds the mass of the Sun and just 1% of its size. The helium atmosphere has a puzzling supply of heavy elements-iron, magnesium, and calcium. They might be the dust of a planet crushed by the superdense star's gravity.	Stardust 1.23e77	Stardust 6.26e73	76 s (1:16)			-
20		Fomalhaut's Ring	Fomalhaut A, a young blue star, is just starting its planetary family. The telltale sign is a clearly defined ring of rotating matter, part of a dusty disk nicknamed Eye of Sauron. The ring formed as rocks grew massive enough to pull loose debris into tight formation.	Stardust 3.89e79	Stardust 1.16e79	1,281 s (21:21)			-
20		WASP-12b	The parent star of WASP-12b is a yellow dwarf, like the Sun, but it is ripping its child to pieces. The planet orbits so closely that powerful tidal forces from the star's gravity warp it into an odd egglike shape called a Roche Lobe.	Stardust 8.7e81	Stardust 1.28e78	60 s (1:00)
20		Awohali	Awohali is a Neptune-sized planet that hugs a red dwarf in close orbit. There, ice meets fire. Heat from the star and from strong tidal forces inside Awohali melt and vaporize rock and ice. The debris forms a shiny halo and a long tail behind the planet, like a comet.	Stardust 2.75e82	Stardust 2.13e79	120 s (2:00)
20		Kepler-70b	After surviving its star's red giant phase, Kepler-70b emerged as a small, rocky core of its former self—about the size of Earth. Its surface is hotter than our Sun, soft and molten. The planet is slowly evaporating as it orbits a dim, dying parent star every 4.8 hours.	Stardust 4.96e84	Stardust 1.55e81	2,030 s (33:50)
20		Janssen	Designated 55 Cancri e, Janssen is a super-Earth that orbits a sunlike far too closely for life to exist. What's intriguing is its extreme density. The planet is twice the size of Earth, but 9 times more massive. That means it's terrestrial, but made of what?	Stardust 1.87e85	Stardust 7.99e80	48 s
21		Enaiposha	Enaiposha is a warm super-Earth with hazy skies lit by the rosy glow of a red dwarf. Three times bigger and 8 times more massive than Earth, the planet's density means a chunk of it must be lighter than rock but heavier than gas. Very likely, Enaiposha is a water world.	Stardust 2.74e87	Stardust 8.17e83	15 s
21		Kepler-186f	Kepler-186f is almost Earth's twin-just a tad bigger and denser. It orbits at a life-friendly distance, well beyond four scorched siblings that are too close to their star. Its composition and atmosphere are unknown, a data gap for Webb and other telescopes to fill.	Stardust 1.17e90	Stardust 1.44e86	129 s (2:09)
21		TRAPPIST-1 System	Seven rocky worlds orbit the solo star TRAPPIST-1, shining like moons in each other's skies. Three planets are in the habitable zone, and all seven could have water. The orbital plane is flat and stable, with circular paths, like Earth`s. But there are perils.	Stardust 8.98e92	Stardust 1.77e91	4,066 s (1:07:46)			-
22		Helix Nebula	At the heart of this cloud glows a dead red giant, the immediate afterlife of a medium-mass star like our Sun. After core fusion shut down, the star began shedding gas, forming a planetary nebula. "Planetary" is a misnomer—the nebula is all about that dead red star.	Stardust 6.95e94	Stardust 2.87e92	760 s (12:40)
22		Cat's Eye Nebula	Beautiful and complex, all the gas in the Cat's Eye Nebula amounts to only 1% of the Sun's mass. It includes rare ionized nitrogen and double-ionized oxygen (atoms stripped of two electrons). One mystery is why this young planetary nebula is swirling so swiftly.	Stardust 3.26e96	Stardust 9.8e92	20 s
22		Hourglass Nebula	The Hourglass Nebula defies explanation. A small hourglass nests in a large one, but the dead star isn't at the center of either one. Two inner rings circle the eye at right angles. But why? If there's a binary star, it wouldn't account for this one-of-a-kind shape.	Stardust 8.3e98	Stardust 1.3e95	80 s (1:20)
23		Crab Nebula	In the constellation Taurus, the remnant of a supernova explosion marks the death of a high-mass star. The beautiful Crab Nebula is 10 light years across and still growing. Working backward from its rate of expansion, the year of the star's death was 1054.	Stardust 6.52e101	Stardust 5.5e99	1,001 s (16:41)
23		Crab Pulsar	Near the heart of the Crab Nebula is the core of its exploded star, reborn. The Crab Pulsar, a neutron star, packs 1.5 solar masses into a ball as wide as a city, rotating 30 times per second. Its tiny size and immense density keep this energetic orb from flying apart.	Stardust 7.18e103	Stardust 2.78e99	20 s			-
23		Carina Nebula	Carina Nebula isn't a supernova remnant. It's a supernova factory, aglow and abuzz with young, massively energetic stars and towering pillars of ionized gas and dust. This complex cloud is bigger than most and 15 times brighter than the famous Orion Nebula.	Stardust 7.5e105	Stardust 1.08e103	230 s (3:50)
23		Cygnus X-1	In 1971, the Uhuru satellite tracked X-ray bursts that were strong, uneven, and very short. Their brevity meant the unseen source was smaller than Earth's moon. Their pattern ruled out a pulsar. Cygnus X-1 became the first verified black hole. It's paired with a star.	Stardust 6.2e108	Stardust 6.5e105	2,042 s (34:02)			-
24		Eagle Nebula	It’s not the remnant dust of a faded or exploded star. Instead, the much larger Eagle Nebula formed from cold interstellar gas that condensed into O stars—the hot, blue kind. Thousands of them strip the ions from nearby gas molecules, setting the clouds aglow.	Stardust 7.55e111	Stardust 6e109	7,000 s (1:56:40)
24		Pillars of Creation	Rocketed to fame by a Hubble Space Telescope image, these twisting columns of gas and dust rise 4 to 5 light years inside the Eagle Nebula. Their theatrical glow is courtesy of a nearby star cluster, whose UV energy is gradually eroding the tops of the pillars.	Stardust 1e114	Stardust 4e109	300 s (5:00)
24		Orion Nebula	Hanging below Orion’s blue-starred belt, three dim stars make up his sword, which carries the sheen of a nebula. Ancient Maya called this shiny cloud the “cosmic fire of creation.” And they were right: the Orion Nebula is the nearest stellar nursery to Earth.	Stardust 3e115	Stardust 1.2e113	1,344 s (22:24)
24		Horsehead Nebula	A small, dark nebula, like the Horsehead, is a nursery bustling with star births. Here’s why: the cloud is super dense with grains that block the light behind it, and that dense matter can easily clump into protostars that form stars.	Stardust 5.4e117	Stardust 6.8e114	1,500 s (25:00)
25		Orion Spur	The Milky Way stretches horizon to horizon across our night sky, a bright smear streaked with a Dark Rift. Our view is from a spur of stars within the galaxy. We're halfway between the core and the rim—each about 26,000 light years away.	Stardust 8e121	Stardust 3.1e116	350 s (5:50)			-
25		Perseus Arm	Named for the constellation it appears in from Earth, Perseus is one of two major arms that spiral out from the galactic core. This may surprise you: spiral arms and stars don’t travel in sync. Stars speed into an arm, get jammed up there for a time, and then move out.	Stardust 6.4e122	Stardust 1.07e118	240 s (4:00)			-
25		Omega Centauri	A dense ball of 10.5 million stars, Omega Centauri is the biggest and brightest of about 200 globular clusters in the galaxy. The average distance between its stars is just one tenth of a light year—about as close as the inner Oort Cloud is to the Sun.	Stardust 1.71e123	Stardust 1.04e120	8,600 s (2:23:20)
25		Galactic Bulge	The central bulge is a sphere containing the galactic bar. Most stars are in the disk, but the bulge is so dense with them that their planets could never experience night. With density comes chaos, and these mostly old stars zip around in unpredictable orbits.	Stardust 2.6e124	Stardust 3e121	3,000 s (50:00)			-
26		Galactic Nucleus	Sagittarius A, the nucleus of the bulge, churns with jam-packed clusters of old red giants, dotted with young supergiant and Wolf-Rayet stars. Those new stars are mystifying. Savage tidal forces, caused by an overwhelming gravitational pull, should prevent their birth.	Stardust 4e126	Stardust 8e121	800 s (13:20)			-
26		Sagittarius A*	The supermassive black hole in the pit of the Milky Way is real and has a name: Sagittarius A star (Sgr A* for short). With a mass of 4.3 million Suns, it could fit inside Mercury’s orbit. No light escapes its grip, but images show EM emissions from matter orbiting it.	Stardust 2.66e128	Stardust 1.2e122	12 s
27		Milky Way Galaxy	With 400 billion stars, our galaxy is a bigwig in the Local Group of 50 or so galaxies. It began 13 billion years ago as blobs of gas and dust that ignited into star clusters, pulling in matter. The mass contracted, rotated around a nucleus, and flattened into a disk.	Stardust 1e132	Stardust 5.29e129	13,610 s (3:46:50)
27		Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy	This elliptical galaxy is so close to the Milky Way that some of its one billion stars overlap with ours. Elliptical galaxies vary dramatically in size, have a uniform oval shape with no clear features, and are past their star-making prime.	Stardust 6.52e134	Stardust 5e129	4,500 s (1:15:00)
27		Large Magellanic Cloud	The Milky Way siphons gas from this tiny galaxy—critical fuel for star birth—but the gravitational tug-of-war isn’t one-sided. Both Magellanic Clouds pass through the dark matter halo, which amplifies their gravity. The force vibrates and warps our entire galactic disk.	Stardust 1.58e136	Stardust 7e130	7,000 s (1:56:40)
27		Triangulum Galaxy	The third-most massive galaxy in the Local Group has lived a peaceful life so far. The spiral arms are loose and symmetrical, and its dust is evenly spread. But it is being gravitationally drawn to the far larger Andromeda Galaxy—which portends a violent future.	Stardust 2.72e137	Stardust 5e133	10,000 s (2:46:40)
27		Andromeda Galaxy	With 1 trillion stars and 30 satellite galaxies under her gravitational spell, Andromeda is the galactic queen of the Local Group. As with stars, mass is destiny, the prime driver of a galaxy’s fate. What does that fact mean for number two, the Milky Way?	Stardust 2.54e139	Stardust 1.1e136	16,000 s (4:26:40)
28		Virgo Supercluster	With 100 groups and clusters of galaxies—our Local Group among them—this supercluster holds 10 quintillion solar masses of matter. But some of its galactic packs are not moving toward the center. Those strays muddy the boundaries and definition of “supercluster".	Stardust 1.1e141	Stardust 1.48e137	10,000 s (2:46:40)
28		Centaurus A Group	Between our Local Group and the supercluster center lies the Centaurus A Group. Its biggest galaxy is an elliptical giant blasting out radio waves, the sign of a recent meal. Just 500 million years ago, Centaurus A absorbed a spiral galaxy that it’s still digesting.	Stardust 1.4e142	Stardust 1.1e137	440 s (7:20)
28		Virgo Cluster	The queen of the Virgo Supercluster is the Virgo Cluster. It's similar in size to the Local Group but far denser, with 2,000 galaxies and a rash of rogue stars and globular clusters. Three subclumps will one day merge into an even more powerful center of attraction.	Stardust 5.3e143	Stardust 2.2e140	1,500 s (25:00)
28		Messier 87 Galaxy	At the heart of the Virgo Cluster, the galactic boss of the supercluster weighs 2.4 trillion Suns. From 50 million light years away, we can see M87 through small telescopes. Old and elliptical, it grew into a behemoth by snacking on lots of smaller galaxies.	Stardust 2.4e145	Stardust 9.6e140	87 s (1:27)
28		Quasar 3C 273	Quasi-stellar radio sources, or quasars, are AGNs so extreme—with black holes so voracious—that they shine as bright or brighter than their galaxy. The luminosity of this nearest quasar to Earth is 25 times that of the Sun.	Stardust 2.4e148	Stardust 1.29e143	273 s (4:33)			-

Explorations

Unfold the Universe

James Webb Space Telescope

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Ground Telescope	The earliest stargazers made their observations with nothing but the naked eye. Magnifying telescopes opened up whole new vistas - from simple handheld spyglasses to mountaintop observatories that can detect wavelengths invisible to humans.	Unfold the Universe 15	Unfold the Universe 0.5/sec	2	x4
	Hubble Telescope	At its launch in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope, named for astronomer Edwin Hubble, was the most powerful telescope ever built. Still in use today, it gave us some of the most iconic images of faraway galaxies and spectacular nebulas.	Unfold the Universe 2,500	Unfold the Universe 4/sec	5	x40.5
	James Webb Telescope	The Next Generation Space Telescope project gave birth to the James Webb Space Telescope, one of the most ambitious feats of astronomical engineering ever laid by Hubble, it introduced Manu significant innovations.	Unfold the Universe 50,000	Unfold the Universe 40/sec	8	x420,420
	Development	It took 25 years to complete the James Webb telescope, from its conception in 1996 to launch in 2021. Many new technologies needed to be invented along the way. An incredibly ambitious undertaking, it took vast amounts of money, labor, and time to get the job done.	Unfold the Universe 6e7	Unfold the Universe 4,000/sec	6	x96
	Construction	The James Webb Telescope is one of a kind. A host of innovations, like its infrared imaging and unique folding design, make it the most powerful telescope ever built.	Unfold the Universe 2.5e10	Unfold the Universe 600,000/sec	5	x16.875
	Launch	The James Webb Telescope's nail-biting launch from the Guiana Space Center in French Guiana was only the start of its journey. After the drama of liftoff, Webb settled in for a long commute to its destination and the careful process of unfolding in preperation for work.	Unfold the Universe 1.2e11	Unfold the Universe 5e6/sec	8	x1,728

Fungus Among Us

Fungi

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Fungi	Fungi are small eukaryotic organisms that often live in soil or on decaying matter. There are nearly 145,000 known species of fungi, and scientists suspect there may be up to 5 million total.	Fungus Among Us 20	Fungus Among Us 1/sec	4	x8.283e12
	Fungal Living	There are many different types of fungi in the world, all with different lifestyles and behaviors. How do fungi live, eat, grow, and reproduce?	Fungus Among Us 700	Fungus Among Us 5/sec	6	x13,464
	Fungal Cleaners	Fungi are master decomposers and unsung heroes of recycling, creating new life out of death. How do fungi help clean up our world?	Fungus Among Us 600,000	Fungus Among Us 400/sec	4	x4,992
	Fungi of the Forest	Deep in the soil, a "wood wide web" of fungi connects the inhabitants of the forest. How do plants and fungi work together?	Fungus Among Us 3e8	Fungus Among Us 50,000/sec	4	x16
	Domesticated Fungi	Humans have learned to harness fungi for many uses, some ancient and some modern innovations. What can fungi do for us?	Fungus Among Us 1.5e11	Fungus Among Us 2.4e7/sec	4	x3.96e8
	Tasty Fungi	Whether you chomp into a portobello or nibble on a nice blue cheese, you're probably a fan of fungal foods. Where can we find fungi in the pantry and fridge?	Fungus Among Us 3.5e13	Fungus Among Us 2e10/sec	7	x7.03134e7
	Unwelcome Fungi	In any kingdom as large as the fungi, you're guaranteed to find a few nasty characters. Which fungi can hurt you, and how?	Fungus Among Us 1.2e19	Fungus Among Us 1e15/sec	8	x3.5424e6
	Mind-Altering Fungi	Fungi have a surprising number of subtle and not-so-subtle ways to influence the minds and behaviors of more complex creatures. How do they do it, and why?	Fungus Among Us 1e23	Fungus Among Us 2e19/sec	3	x224

The Big Questions

Philosophy

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Philosophy	Philosophy — literally "love of wisdom" — delves into the mysteries of existence. This essential human field of study interrogates reality, reason, the mind, the universe, and even knowledge itself.	The Big Questions 25	The Big Questions 1/sec	7	x2.51986e23
	Ethics	The field of ethics, or moral philosophy, studies beliefs about right and wrong and how we should treat others. Ethics are also codes of behavior adopted by communities or professions — like the physician's oath to "do no harm."	The Big Questions 2,000	The Big Questions 12/sec	9	x5.17162e20
	Political Philosophy	This field of study deals with citizens, institutions, and governments. It asks important questions about the nature of societies and how they should be organized.	The Big Questions 150,000	The Big Questions 300/sec	11	x8.223e20
	Epistemology	This is the branch of philosophy that deals with knowledge: what it is, how to acquire it, and how we use it to form beliefs around the world.	The Big Questions 3e8	The Big Questions 100,000/sec	8	x3.96e17
	Metaphysics	Meaning "beyond the physical," metaphysics studies questions of reality, identity, being, causality, and possibility. It explores the relationship of mind to matter and the nature of existence.	The Big Questions 1e13	The Big Questions 8e8/sec	11	x7.13976e12
	Spirit	Some people believe in the spirit, a vital force animating all living things. Questions about the spirit—does it exist? What is it? Who or what has one? — to get to the heart of what makes us human.	The Big Questions 1.2e18	The Big Questions 1e14/sec	10	x5.37144e8
	Meaning of Life	The biggest questions of them all: What is my purpose? How should I live my life? Is there some greater meaning to all of this?	The Big Questions 2e24	The Big Questions 1e20/sec	8	x2,499.2

Life After Apocalypse

Mass Extinctions

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	L.U.C.A.	The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) is the earliest microbe from which all modern life descends. Its DNA will pass through a chain of evolving species that survive every extinction. Three billion years later, LUCA's genes are inside us — and every living thing.	Life After Apocalypse 40	Life After Apocalypse 1/sec	17	x7.63812e21
	Metazoan Seas	Metazoans (multicelled animals) multiply and diversify in an evolutionary leap called the Ordovician Radiation. They build the first coral reefs, dense with life. The scattered land masses host only mosslike plants called bryophytes.	Life After Apocalypse 350	Life After Apocalypse 2/sec	6	x1,417.5
	Age of Fishes	As life begins to thrive again in the Devonian Period, millions of acres of coral reefs span the seas. This is now a fish-eat-fish world. Big-jawed, heavily armored fish called placoderms take hunting to ferocious levels.	Life After Apocalypse 200,000	Life After Apocalypse 1,000/sec	4	x240
	Pangean Life	The Gondwana and Euramerica continents crunch into one supercontinent, Pangea. A few tetrapod survivors give rise to a stunning range of vertebrates called synapsids. For the first time, land life is as rich and diverse as ocean life.	Life After Apocalypse 6e7	Life After Apocalypse 80,000/sec	7	x3,280.5
	Mesozoic Dawn	As a new era begins, Pangea drifts north, and cooling triggers million-year floods, which help life recover. The first flowers bloom. Mammal-like reptiles called therapsids thrive. Archosaurs give rise to reptiles, birds, and — famously — the dinosaurs.	Life After Apocalypse 3e10	Life After Apocalypse 2e7/sec	3	x396
	Reign of Dinosaurs	Thanks to a stable, tropical climate, dinosaurs explode in size and diversity in the Jurassic and peak in the Cretaceous. Reptiles — flying, swimming, walking, crawling — and small mammals also thrive.	Life After Apocalypse 8e12	Life After Apocalypse 5e9/sec	7	x26,244
	Age of Mammals	In the current Cenozoic era, the demise of dinosaurs makes way for mammals. Our squirrel sized, nocturnal ancestors evolve into thousands of stunning species, from mastodons and saber-toothed cats to whales and elephants and, eventually, humans.	Life After Apocalypse 8e15	Life After Apocalypse 1e12/sec	10	x608,256
	Cockroach World?	So, what species will inherit the Earth next? Fun fact: Porelian Insects survived five of the last five extinctions by reproducing, adapting, and diversifying quickly. They tolerate freezing, heat waves, starvation, and even radiation really well. Just sayin'.	Life After Apocalypse 5e18	Life After Apocalypse 1e15/sec	1	x10,001

The Price of Trust

Money

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Commodity Currency	Specialized societies required a "medium of exchange," trusted and accepted across society as payment for goods and services. While the oldest currencies used cattle, cloth, tools and other common, useful objects, over time, these evolved into symbolic forms and pure accounting units.	The Price of Trust 25	The Price of Trust 1/sec	14	x1.42173e10
	Coins	With the sixth and seventh centuries BCE, rulers began minting coins. Standardized and produced at volume, coins were a uniform currency, accepted as legal tender throughout their domains.	The Price of Trust 1e9	The Price of Trust 1/sec	14	x1.63349e11
	Paper Money	Lighter and more easily transportable than metal-based coinage, paper money has become the default currency of the modern world.	The Price of Trust 1e9	The Price of Trust 1/sec	9	x1.85253e9
	Electronic Money	As the world went electronic, financial systems followed. Aided by rudimentary computer networks, Wall Street brokers could execute trades over the phone, no face-to-face interaction required, while banks could treat money as numbers linked to an account more than physical coins or bills.	The Price of Trust 1e9	The Price of Trust 1/sec	9	x561,600
	Future Money	In the twenty-first century, computer networks are becoming faster and more interconnected. With the internet, laymen can access markets as never before, even as specialists employ artifical intelligence to make financial decisions. In a digital world, money is increasingly rendered in ones and zeros.	The Price of Trust 1e9	The Price of Trust 400,000/sec	9	x12,757.5

A Coevolution Love Story

Pollination

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency	Max Speed
	Flowers	Flowers have one driving desire: to make seeds. Each plant strives to produce these germs of life, ideally with another plant. Yet, rooted in place, how can two isolated flowers unite?	A Coevolution Love Story 40	A Coevolution Love Story 1/sec	6	x2.86858e23
	Bees	Bees need to feed. Their high-energy bodies and abundant young demand constant nourishment. But it takes fuel to gather fuel. What's the most efficient way for a bee to forage?	A Coevolution Love Story 500	A Coevolution Love Story 450/45s	9	x1.00811e23	x10
	Primitive Flowers	The spiral cones of conifers evolve into flowers. The key change? The ova, naked no more, are encased in an ovary, which is why flowering plants are called angiosperms ("vessel seeds"). They swiftly dominate Cretaceous plant life. What makes them so wildly successful?	A Coevolution Love Story 10,000	A Coevolution Love Story 150/sec	4	x12
	Primitive Bees	As the wasp's body adapt to a new diet of plants, spechid evolved into the first bees. Today's bumblebees, honeybees, sweat bees, stingless bees, carpenters, masons, orchid bees - 25,000 species - all descend from spechid.	A Coevolution Love Story 4e8	A Coevolution Love Story 1.5e8/500s	4	x4	x300
	The Art of Attraction	It's no accident blossoms come in a bouquet of colors, patterns, sizes, shapes, and accessories. Flowers attract suitors with a "dress for success" strategy, a look tailored to maximize pollination "dates". But there's a choice: attract one or attract all?	A Coevolution Love Story 4e10	A Coevolution Love Story 7e6/sec	5	x2,970
	Food Banking	Bees are vegetarians. (One ghoulish exception: vultures bees eat rotten flesh.) Adults feed protein-rich pollen to their young and drink nectar for the sugar high. The term for pollination, melittophily, means "sweet loving".	A Coevolution Love Story 1.5e16	A Coevolution Love Story 1.8e15/1,800s	8	x1,782	x960
	Bribery and Deception	Flowers entice suitors through bribery, trickery, or both. Some Arctic flowers offer insects warmth and comfirt: blossoms are shaped to focus the sun's rays and form shelter from icy winds. But for most flowers, food is an unbeatable lure.	A Coevolution Love Story 3e18	A Coevolution Love Story 5e14/sec	6	x6,480
	The Hive Life	The constant need to secure food drives honeybees and stingless bees to evolve a new, efficient society. Hive life is collective: only a queen lays eggs, and female workers raise the young. The nest is always defended: food is always being processed.	A Coevolution Love Story 8e25	A Coevolution Love Story 3.6e26/3,600s	3	x11	x20
	Humans	One-third of all the food we eat relies on flower pollination. Bees are the world's top pollinator, servicing 400 food crops that nourish 8 billion people. Flowers, bees, and humans - we now rely on each other for survival. It's a fragile balance.	A Coevolution Love Story 2.8e31	A Coevolution Love Story 2.88e32/7,200s	8	x1,188	x600

Lurking in the Dark

Deep Sea Life

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Sunlight Zone	Sunlight defines the epipelagic zone, the top layer of open ocean. All marine plants live here. Surrounded by thousands of miles of brightly lit water, with nowhere to hide, animals need either speed or camouflage to catch food and avoid becoming food. What eats what?	Lurking in the Dark 30	Lurking in the Dark 1/sec	14	x4.37144e24
	Twilight Zone	From 200 to 1000 meter deep, the mesopelagic ("middle open ocean") appears dark to our eyes, but sunlight does reach here. Blue light, on the high-energy end of the color spectrum, reaches the deepest. In the twilight, how do animals see without being seen by enemies?	Lurking in the Dark 150,000	Lurking in the Dark 150/sec	13	x9e19
	Midnight Zone	Around 1,000 to 4,000 meters, the bathepelagic zones makes up 90% of the ocean and yet hosts only a fraction of its creatures. There's zero sunlight, crushing pressure, a near-freezing chill, and scant food — just 5% of the sinking detritus. Why live here at all?	Lurking in the Dark 1e12	Lurking in the Dark 3e7/sec	10	x1.22512e13
	The Abyss	Below 4,000 meters, the continental shelf bottoms out into an abyssal plain, the mostly bare ocean floor. It covers half of Earth's surface, and yet 99% of the abyss is unexplored. Scant detritus from above settles in the mud. How do abyssal zone creatures survive?	Lurking in the Dark 2e17	Lurking in the Dark 5e12/sec	7	x6.0066e7
	The Trenches	The ocean floor is scarred with troughs and trenches, cracks formed between tectonic plates. Below 6,000 meters, this hadal zone, named for the Greek god Hades, is nearly as deep as the four previous zones combined. Some life here is like nowhere else on Earth.	Lurking in the Dark 1e22	Lurking in the Dark 5e17/sec	6	x1,140

A Journey of Serenity

Tea

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Wild Tea Plant	Tea plants are small trees native to East Asia, where they grew wild before humans began cultivating them. They are also known by the scientific name 'Camellia sinensis'.	A Journey of Serenity 15	A Journey of Serenity 1.3/sec	7	x1.21501e7
	Domesticated Tea Plant	The domestication of tea plants began around 2,000 years ago in China. Tea containers have been found in tombs dating from the Han Dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE) alongside deceased emperors' other priceless treasures.	A Journey of Serenity 75,000	A Journey of Serenity 650/sec	5	x315,315
	Tea Plantation	Farming tea plants is a complex process of cultivating, pruning, harvesting, drying, and storing. Tending to the plants carefully is important, as a single plant can produce tea for at least 100 years.	A Journey of Serenity 5e7	A Journey of Serenity 130,000/sec	16	x222,660,900
	Tea Evolution	Over time, tea evolved from being a healing treatment to a popular social and cultural drink. It became valued for its flavor, aroma, and the rituals associated with its preparation.	A Journey of Serenity 5e6	A Journey of Serenity 1.3/sec	5	x1.68e16
	Matcha	This powdered variant of green tea has strong cultural ties to Japan. Matcha's history in Japan began as early as the 8th century, when priests and envoys from the country were sent to learn about China's culture.	A Journey of Serenity 1e6	A Journey of Serenity 200/sec	4	x800,080
	Loose-leaf Tea	Loose-leaf's popularity can be tracked all the way back to Ancient China. During his reign, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang replaced all brick and powdered tea with loose-leaf to boost the economy. It was a strategic choice that still impacts the tea market to this day.	A Journey of Serenity 5e8	A Journey of Serenity 32,500/sec	5	x10,710
	Infused Tea	Infusion refers to the process of steeping ingredients like orange peel or ginger in tea. This creates unique and flavorful variations that wow the tastebuds and bring new dimensions to established blends.	A Journey of Serenity 1e14	A Journey of Serenity 9.75e9/sec	7	x1.46953e7
	Unconventional Tea	As tea cultures intermingle and innovation blooms, the once defined boundaries of traditional tea dissolve. This paves the way for the emergence of the next popular tea sensations.	A Journey of Serenity 5e19	A Journey of Serenity 1.3e15/sec	8	x118,125
	Virtual Tea	As social get-togethers increasing occur in the virtual world, so do tea rituals. Whether formal or just a casual video-chat catch up, a time-honored tradition adapts to the modern age.	A Journey of Serenity 3e23	A Journey of Serenity 6.5e18/sec	3	x48

Good Vibrations

Music

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Notes	A musical sound is known as a note. With the creation of written symbols, humans have found a way to translate notes into a tangible language.	Good Vibrations 25	Good Vibrations 1/sec	3	x7.875
	Sound Waves	Vibrations produce waves that transport sound across space. These waves change shape depending on several factors: wavelength, amplitude, and frequency.	Good Vibrations 15,000	Good Vibrations 50/sec	6	x138.42773
	Theory	Every aspect of music relies on a single underlying foundation, informing the choices a musician makes. Thousands of years of theory have accumulated into the music we have today.	Good Vibrations 5e7	Good Vibrations 13,000/sec	11	x81,000
	Early Innovations	Life in the Paleolithic area was a continuous fight for survival. Even so, early humans were able to find meaning in their surroundings and found time to express themselves through sound.	Good Vibrations 2e10	Good Vibrations 1.3e6/sec	4	x378
	Instruments	Humans use many different objects to produce sounds, ranging from bagpipes to kazoos to triangles. Each instrument has its own timbre, so striking the same note on a drum will sound different than playing it on a flute.	Good Vibrations 1e12	Good Vibrations 1/sec	14	x347,287.5
	Modern Innovations	A modern society need modern tools. As technology developed, people began producing and receiving music with the new tools available.	Good Vibrations 1e10	Good Vibrations 1e6/sec	8	x2.10124e6
	A Brief History	Music has evolved significantly from the days of the Hurrian Hymn. As time passed, reasons for making music changed, as did the people who created music.	Good Vibrations 5e12	Good Vibrations 3e8/sec	6	x1,728

Anatomy of Life

Human Body

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Heart	The body's centralized organ pumps approximately one gallon of oxygen-rich blood every minute. Long viewed as a symbol of life, some ancient cultures considered it as the center of thought and emotion.	Anatomy of Life 100	Anatomy of Life 1/sec	8	x1.91999e18
	Brain	Three times larger than that of a chimpanzee, the human brain alone contains billions of neurons. It sends and receives the electrical signals that enable thought, emotion, and bodily function.	Anatomy of Life 1,000	Anatomy of Life 1/sec	8	x8.26875e14
	Endocrine System	Glands of the endocrine system are organs that produce essential hormones. These chemicals carry messages through your bloodstream, instructing your body to perform specific functions.	Anatomy of Life 7.5e6	Anatomy of Life 240/sec	6	1.875e12
	Skeleton	A baby is born with around three hundred bones in their body. These bones fuse with age, forming the adult skeleton. Averaging two hundred and six bones, it is the framework that supports the human body.	Anatomy of Life 8e9	Anatomy of Life 500,000/sec	4	x6,765
	Muscles	Voluntary and involuntary movement are both enabled by stretchy fibers that can contract and relax. Whether a person is taking a walk or digesting food, the muscular system allows the body to function.	Anatomy of Life 1e11	Anatomy of Life 2e7/sec	3	x2.015e9
	Lungs	At the body's center of breathing, blood receives much-needed oxygen in the lungs. Now replenished, this arterial blood is sent back into the heart.	Anatomy of Life 1e13	Anatomy of Life 5.06e8/sec	2	x153
	Skin	The body's largest organ is not found inside, but rather covering its entire surface. Skin contains three layers, each of which contributes to keeping the body safe.	Anatomy of Life 1e16	Anatomy of Life 6e12/sec	3	x12
	Stomach	The smooth muscles of the stomach wall expand and contract, mixing acids, enzymes, and mucus to form gastric juice. These combined substances dissolve the swallowed foods and liquids, resulting in a mixture called chyme.	Anatomy of Life 2e18	Anatomy of Life 1.5e17/sec	2	x56
	Kidneys	Two bean-shaped organs filter around half a cup of blood each minute. Inside the kidneys, millions of units called nephrons remove unwanted waste products from blood, while holding onto much-needed water and electrolytes.	Anatomy of Life 2.5e20	Anatomy of Life 5e19/sec	2	x18
	Liver	All of the body's blood is filtered through the liver to remove toxins. It also produces bile, a fluid necessary for digesting and absorbing fats. These are only two of the five hundred vital functions the organ performs.	Anatomy of Life 6e23	Anatomy of Life 1e22/sec	3	x42

The Power of Images

Visual Art

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Line	An image begins with a simple act, like a mark scraped into a rock, a painted hand pressed against a wall, or a line drawn into the sand. Mastering mark-making is the most basic of artistic skills and is a first step for human creativity.	The Power of Images 40	The Power of Images 1/sec	3	x15
	Symbol	Humans took further steps in drawing the intangible, wanting to depict concepts such as the future or the afterlife. They created abstract shapes and objects that represent these ideas.	The Power of Images 7,500	The Power of Images 50/sec	3	x10
	Composition	As cultures became more complex, so did their imagery. Artists increasingly made conscious visual choices in their work, considering where subjects should be placed and telling an overall story.	The Power of Images 2.5e6	The Power of Images 2,000/sec	5	x32
	Renaissance	Italian masters such as Raphael found inspiration in the idealized quality of Greco-Roman art. At the same time, their use of perspective and shadow enabled them to depict depth in otherwise flat paintings.	The Power of Images 6.25e8	The Power of Images 500,000/sec	6	x160
	Photography	By coating paper in silver salts and exposing it to daylight through a lens, Joseph Niépce created the first photographs. These images would vanish when brought outside, and it would take a decade to achieve a permanent effect.	The Power of Images 1.5e11	The Power of Images 5e7/sec	2	x11,011
	Modernism	The advent of photography plunged painters into a crisis of purpose. No longer needed to provide realistic portraits, many shifted toward a strict, abstract, "Modern" approach using only flat shapes and colors.	The Power of Images 4e13	The Power of Images 5e9/sec	5	x180
	Art Celebrity	Picasso. Kahlo. Pollock. These aren't just the names of artists - they're brands. Their names are known far beyond gallery or museum walls and have become synonymous with artistic genius.	The Power of Images 1e16	The Power of Images 3e12/sec	2	x528.5
	Post Modernism	While Modernism adhered to strict boundaries, Post-Modern artists deprioritized rules and definitions, employing diverse collages and recontextualizing objects from sources other than paintings.	The Power of Images 5e17	The Power of Images 9e13/sec	4	x44,320
	Moving Images	When a series of photographs is presented in sequence, it can simulate motion. Works like "A Trip to the Moon" were among the first to use this method to tell a story, creating the first narrative films.	The Power of Images 1.5e20	The Power of Images 8e15/sec	5	x72,240
	Mass Appeal	No longer just an art form, images have become a business. As people look for new ways to consume art, product makers try to appeal to the masses. An image can be cute, cool, or beautiful, but above all it must sell.	The Power of Images 7e22	The Power of Images 3e18/sec	3	x24
	Digital Revolution	When art can be done on a screen, artists again must adapt. Some continue to work traditionally, while others take advantage of the technology, creating art with more ease than ever but at the cost of materiality.	The Power of Images 1e26	The Power of Images 7e21/sec	6	x1.9798e6
	Mass Creation	Amid the boredom and anxieties of the modern age, more people are sharing art than ever before. Still, feedback can snowball, blurring the line between creator and audience while making artistic meaning a large-scale debate.	The Power of Images 2e28	The Power of Images 2e24/sec	8	x3,975

Threat of Infection

Outbreaks

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Human Life	Each human body is a biosphere containing trillions of microorganisms. While many of these life forms are beneficial, others invade the body and must be fought off by the immune system.	Threat of Infection 30	Threat of Infection 1/sec	24	x3.29493e29
	Smallpox	Believed to have existed for at least 3,000 years, smallpox causes itchy, fluid-filled blisters that later scab. It is spread by coughing and sneezing, and also by handling the clothing of the infected.	Threat of Infection 50	Threat of Infection 1/sec	6	x2.42352e12
	Plague	Transmitted by flea bites, plague manifests in three clinical forms. The most common, bubonic, infects the body's lymph nodes, creating large, pus-filled lumps.	Threat of Infection 75,000	Threat of Infection 200/sec	6	x2.71215e25
	Syphilis	A sexually transmitted disease, syphilis causes sores and rashes across the body. Symptoms can flare on and off for years, and in late stages can damage the cardiovascular system and cognitive function.	Threat of Infection 2e11	Threat of Infection 1e8/sec	2	x2.2e30
	Malaria	Malaria is spread by a cycle of mosquitos biting infected humans and spreading the parasite to others. The disease causes severe illness and death in Africa for centuries before colonization spreads it across the world.	Threat of Infection 5e12	Threat of Infection 1e10/sec	1	x101
	Salmonella	Caused by a bacterium common in many animals, humans catch salmonella from drinking contaminated water or eating undercooked food. Infections last up to 4 days in healthy adults, but can cause death due to untreated dehydration.	Threat of Infection 2e17	Threat of Infection 2e13/sec	2	x546
	Yellow Fever	When infected with the disease, mosquitos can spread yellow fever through human populations. This virus, found in Africa and the Americas, can potentially give severe liver damage, causing yellow skin known as jaundice.	Threat of Infection 4e20	Threat of Infection 2.5e17/sec	2	x147
	Tuberculosis	Spread through the air by droplets, tuberculosis usually infects the alveoli, flooding them with fluids. It damages the lungs, causing necrosis, making the patient feel like they are drowning.	Threat of Infection 1e24	Threat of Infection 4e20/sec	2	x78
	Cholera	After ingesting contaminated food or water, cholera causes extreme dehydration, sometimes turning skin color blue-gray. Nicknamed "the Blue Death," it can become fatal within a few hours of symptoms first appearing.	Threat of Infection 4e27	Threat of Infection 1e24/sec	2	x105
	Polio	Like cholera, polio spreads when fecal matter contaminates water supplies. The virus attacks the motor neurons of the brain and spine, and in severe cases, can cause total or partial paralysis.	Threat of Infection 3e33	Threat of Infection 2.5e29/sec	2	x147
	Influenza	Spread by the coughs and sneezes of the infected, influenza is marked by severe fatigue, aches, and chills. More than most other viruses, it mutates rapidly, with new strains appearing nearly every year.	Threat of Infection 2e36	Threat of Infection 3e32/sec	2	x176
	Typhus	Commonly found in the close, unsanitary contacts brought on by war, typhus is spread by infected lice. Each time one bites a human, it defecates bacteria-rich feces near the wound, providing a pathway to the bloodstream.	Threat of Infection 2e39	Threat of Infection 4e35/sec	2	x84
	HIV	A sexually transmitted disease, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), damages white blood cells, reducing the immune system's ability to defend itself. HIV has no cure, and if untreated can lead to the development of AIDS.	Threat of Infection 1e43	Threat of Infection 7e38/sec	2	x1066
	Coronavirus	The spikes on coronaviruses give them their name, meaning crown. These viruses commonly spread among animals, but when spread to humans, they all can cause respiratory symptoms like bronchitis and pneumonia.	Threat of Infection 5e46	Threat of Infection 5e42/sec	2	x36

A Feline Journey

Cats

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Felidae	All modern cat species spawn from the ancient Pseudaelurus, which lives in Asia around 20 million years in the past. Its felid descendants are divided into two general categories: those that purr and those that roar.	A Feline Journey 30	A Feline Journey 1/sec	11	x1.47791e20
	Panthera	Species come and go over millennia, but the big cat lineage remains strong. With some weighing over 272 kg, Panthera are the apex predators of any environment they inhabit.	A Feline Journey 30,000	A Feline Journey 200/sec	7	x4.34805e11
	Bay Cat	Cats travel further into the south of Asia, reaching the Malay Peninsula and the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. Cats of this lineage have unknown population densities, making them some of the least studied cats in the world.	A Feline Journey 3e7	A Feline Journey 40,000/sec	3	x5.25
	Caracal	Cats reach Africa during the first Ice Age, traversing land bridges across the Red Sea. The three subspecies of caracal settle in radically different biomes, developing adaptations for life in forests, savannahs and wetlands.	A Feline Journey 3e10	A Feline Journey 1e7/sec	2	x3.5
	Ocelot	The ancestors of the ocelot migrate over a land bridge to North America. Their descendants then travel over the Panama land bridge in the second ice age, diversifying into thirteen different species with spotted coats.	A Feline Journey 1e13	A Feline Journey 2.5e9/sec	5	x23.625
	Lynx	During the second ice age, cats travel back from North America to Asia. Dispersed across the forests of North America, Europe, and Asia, a lynx can be identified by its short tail and the tufts of fur atop its ears.	A Feline Journey 1e16	A Feline Journey 8e11/sec	3	x16.875
	Puma	The three species of puma spread from North America into South America and towards Africa. Despite being part of the same lineage, they have nothing in common except for their large size.	A Feline Journey 1e18	A Feline Journey 1.5e14/sec	2	x5.5
	Leopard Cat	Originating in North America, the leopard cat ancestor travels back over the Bering land bridge. Once they reach Asia they disperse throughout India and China.	A Feline Journey 5e20	A Feline Journey 4e16/sec	6	x6,879
	Felis	The youngest lineage of cats spreads across several continents after the second Ice Age, traveling into Asia, Europe, and Africa. These cats are significantly smaller than most wild cats, with the largest weighing only 35 lbs.	A Feline Journey 5e23	A Feline Journey 2e19/sec	4	x49
	House Cats	African wildcats evolve into the modern house cat, developing a close relationship with humans. Cats spread across continents, adapting to new climates naturally before modern breeds are created in the 19th century.	A Feline Journey 3e26	A Feline Journey 5e21/sec	5	x60

Set in Stone

Rocks

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency	Taps
	Mineral	The planet is composed of chemical compounds and elements. Earth's natural processes give these materials solid form, creating minerals. Almost all minerals are crystalline, with their atoms organized in orderly patterns.	Set in Stone 150	Set in Stone 2/sec	15	x4.31556e9	20
	Igneous Rock	As magma rises in the Earth's crust, it cools. When losing heat, it crystallizes, solidifying into igneous rock.	Set in Stone 50,000	Set in Stone 1/sec	6	x4.04976e10	30
	Sedimentary Rock	Nature is continuously breaking down rocks and organic material into smaller and smaller pieces. When weighed down by earth or other sediments, they can be compacted and recycled into new types of rock.	Set in Stone 1e7	Set in Stone 250/sec	7	x2.38881e8	40
	Metamorphic Rock	When descending deeper into the planet's crust and mantle, pressure and heat increase. These extreme conditions cause rock to undergo metamorphosis.	Set in Stone 3e8	Set in Stone 100,000/sec	5	x9.38179e9	50
	Crystal	Most minerals take shape as crystals formed by cooled, solidified magma. Their atoms are arranged in three dimensions, creating geometric shapes and flat surfaces at both the atomic and macro level.	Set in Stone 4e11	Set in Stone 1/sec	8	x2.29361e9	60
	Gem	Humans cut and polish crystals to enhance their aesthetic qualities. These gemstones are used in jewelry and signify wealth and power.	Set in Stone 3e12	Set in Stone 1e8/sec	6	x2,025	60

Face Your Fears

Cryptids

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	The Insidious	Small creatures are said to hide under the floorboards of homes and below the surface of shallow water. The most innocent appearances can harbor the most sinister intentions.	Face Your Fears 100	Face Your Fears 1/sec	6	x2.60405e8
	The Uncanny	Some beings disturb and manipulate their victims with a human-like appearance. These beings embody the fear of an unrecognizable reality.	Face Your Fears 25,000	Face Your Fears 50/sec	10	x8.00719e8
	The Unfathomable	Massive beasts are imagined to stretch across the sky or roil beneath the oceans. These beings are often protectors of the natural world and are used to explain the cataclysmic damage caused by nature.	Face Your Fears 5e7	Face Your Fears 2,500/sec	7	x3.789e8

Beautiful Complexity

Mathematics

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Building Blocks	Exploring the relationships between numbers is the foundation of mathematics. As a discipline, math is as old as civilization. Mathematical calculations can be found in Babylonian tablets and Egyptian hieroglyphs.	Beautiful Complexity 200	Beautiful Complexity 1/sec	10	x1.09601e21
	Arithmetic	Numbers interact with each other through operations. These operations are studied through arithmetic. Expanding on prehistoric developments, early civilizations build numerical systems to quantify a wide range of information.	Beautiful Complexity 1,500	Beautiful Complexity 5/sec	6	x4.63789e23
	Algebra	Building on arithmetic, algebra introduces the idea of unknown values along with methods for determining these values. In Medieval Persia, Al-Khwarizmi introduces a method to solve quadratics, marking the start of modern algebra.	Beautiful Complexity 1e8	Beautiful Complexity 20,000/sec	8	x9.25385e14
	Applied Math	Numbers and mathematics are a foundational technology for human culture. They facilitate the development of cities, allow Romans to build aqueducts that stand for centuries, and make it possible for humans to travel into space.	Beautiful Complexity 5e9	Beautiful Complexity 2e6/sec	9	x8.52655e16
	Geometry	The study of shapes and measurements, geometry can visually express distances, spaces, and figures. One of the first fields of mathematics, geometry allows for the construction of obelisks and pyramids without modern notation.	Beautiful Complexity 5e12	Beautiful Complexity 2e9/sec	8	x2.24393e11
	Marvels and Mysteries	Math can prove supposed impossibilities, while seemingly simple problems are unsolved to this day. There are hundreds of problems that remain unanswered, with mathematicians actively working to solve them.	Beautiful Complexity 1e16	Beautiful Complexity 1/sec	7	x8.95528e11
	Calculus	Whether it is applied to the infinitely small or the infinitely large, calculus studies rates of continuous change. Co-credited with its invention, Newton uses calculus to measure planetary orbits and develop the laws of motion.	Beautiful Complexity 1e7	Beautiful Complexity 2,000/sec	7	x9.10931e9
	Discrete Math	Where calculus focuses on continuous solutions, discrete math studies problems with individual elements like sets and combinations. Discrete math is the foundation of computer science and software development.	Beautiful Complexity 2e11	Beautiful Complexity 1e17/sec	4	x2.09553e6

Mind Machines

Artificial Intelligence

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency	Max Speed
	Artificial Intelligence	Computers mimic how humans think, act, and take in the world. But it will take time to achieve creativity, people skills, and subjective thought. How smart can Artificial Intelligence get?	Mind Machines 10	Mind Machines 1e8/100 days	40	x2.83717e8	x1.85834e9
	Mechanical Brain	After faking it, how can humans build machines that actually think like them? Ones that compute numbers, use logic, and play chess for real? Mechanical brains start with hardware and software - computers and code.	Mind Machines 500	Mind Machines 5/sec	10	x7,441
	Analytic AI	One approach to creating artificial intelligence is to write algorithms that analyze data to get a specific result. A doctor might input a patient's symptoms into a diagnostic program, which then outputs possible diagnoses.	Mind Machines 3e6	Mind Machines 1,300/sec	10	x119.60156
	Generative AI	Instead of coding for narrow tasks, generative AI is flexible. Feed a computer loads of data—love letters, recipes, music—and ask for more of the same. The AI refines its creations through learning loops and human feedback.	Mind Machines 6e6	Mind Machines 1,330/sec	11	x226,800
	AI Tools	The use of AI is exploding in everyday life and in almost every field of study and industry. These tools save time, solve tough problems quickly, and can complete tasks that once required multiple tools to accomplish.	Mind Machines 9e13	Mind Machines 4e9/sec	12	x31,104
	Evils and Perils	The benefits of AI are clear, but do they outweigh the negatives? Some worry about being displaced from their jobs, while even experts fear the consequences of giving an AI too much power. What evils and perils are on the horizon?	Mind Machines 1.5e13	Mind Machines 1e10/sec	10	x5,184

Dairy Delights

Cheese

Image	Generator	Description	Cost	Min Production	Upgrades	Max Efficiency
	Milk	Produced by mammals to feed newborns, milk is a liquid high in nutrients like protein and calcium. When collected from other species, it can be heated at high temperatures to pasteurize it, removing harmful bacteria.	Dairy Delights 50	Dairy Delights 1/sec	13	x4.79504e8
	Fresh Cheese	Cheeses can be characterized by their textures. Fresh cheeses are among the softest and sweetest, as they still retain their moisture. These cheeses are intended to be eaten soon after being made.	Dairy Delights 1,000	Dairy Delights 1/sec	4	x27,090
	Soft-Ripened Cheese	By adding mold to milk, or spraying it onto a wheel of cheese, a thin, 'bloomy' rind is created on the cheese's surface. Soft-ripened cheeses are not aged for long, keeping the texture soft on the inside but velvety on the outside.	Dairy Delights 50,000	Dairy Delights 100/sec	3	x9.9174e6
	Semi-Soft Cheese	While many cheeses can be made with low-fat milk, semi-soft cheeses require full fat dairy. Whole milk gives these cheeses their creamy texture and mild flavor, making them perfect for melting and pairing with fruits.	Dairy Delights 1.2e6	Dairy Delights 1,000/sec	2	x301.5
	Blue Cheese	Food safe Penicillium mold spores can be added to milk, creating bluish-green veins. Blue cheese is allegedly created after a cheese turns moldy from being left to age in a moist cave in France.	Dairy Delights 1.5e7	Dairy Delights 10,000/sec	3	x4.5
	Semi-Firm Cheese	The bouncy texture of semi-firm cheese is achieved by constantly draining the cheese as it is made.This, combined with its short aging time, results in a cheese with a mild flavor and scent.	Dairy Delights 3e8	Dairy Delights 1e6/sec	7	x1,296
	Not-Quite-Cheese	Not all cheeses are made the same. Some use milk from untraditional sources, while others industrialize the process, creating products that resemble cheese superficially but have key differences.	Dairy Delights 3e11	Dairy Delights 1e7/sec	4	x792
	Hard Cheese	Aged anywhere between 2-36 months, hard cheeses are firm and often savory. Extensive aging drastically impacts a cheese, making it more flavorful, more crumbly, but smaller, drier and less creamy.	Dairy Delights 6e11	Dairy Delights 1e9/sec	4	x72