"Hanging below Orion’s blue-starred belt, three dim stars make up his sword, which carries the sheen of a nebula. Ancient Maya called this shiny cloud the “cosmic fire of creation.” And they were right: the Orion Nebula is the nearest stellar nursery to Earth."
The “cosmic fire” of the nebula comes from a clump of stars that happen to be visible from Earth. Their stellar winds swept away curtains of dense clouds, and their UV rays set the stage aglow. They gave us front-row seats to a nebular womb where stars are being born.
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Proplyds
The Orion Nebula is packed with proplyds—protoplanetary disks circling a prenatal star. In 2023, within proplyd d203-506, the Webb telescope spotted methyl cation, the first known presence in space of a key molecule for carbon-based life to develop.
Trapezium Cluster
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JuMBOs
Scientists didn’t think planets could form without a star, but in 2023 they spotted Jupiter-mass binary objects (JuMBOs) in the Orion Nebula. These young orbs often travel in pairs and, being rogue, aren’t classified as planets. Their origin story is yet to be told.
Orion Nebula Rank 3
Busted Cluster
Orion’s star cluster is flying apart. Models show that a black hole at the center of Trapezium might be flinging some stars away while drawing others into its lair. Fallen stars will add to its mass until there are no more in range, and the black hole stands alone.